RETRACTION-CORRECTIONS

IJEBAR upholds the highest standards of publication integrity. The journal adheres to the guidelines of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) regarding retractions, corrections, and related editorial actions.

1. Retraction

A published article may be retracted when:

• Evidence shows plagiarism, data fabrication, falsification, or unethical research practices.

• Findings are unreliable due to errors or misconduct.

• The article has been previously published elsewhere without proper disclosure.

• Legal, ethical, or confidentiality issues arise after publication.

Retractions are issued through a formal Retraction Notice that clearly states the reason for the withdrawal. The original article will remain accessible but marked as “Retracted” to maintain the scholarly record.

2. Corrections (Erratum or Corrigendum)

Corrections may be issued when:

• Minor errors are identified that do not invalidate the research findings.

• Author details, figures, tables, or references require adjustment.

Corrections are published as a formal note and linked to the original article.